The Noble Eightfold Path, discovered by the Buddha
Himself, is the only way to Nirvana. It avoids the extreme of
self-torture that weakens ones intellect and the extreme of
self-indulgence that retards ones spiritual progress.
It consists of the following eight factors:
Right Understanding
Right Thoughts
Right Speech
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Mindfulness
Right Concentration
1. Right Understanding is the knowledge of the Four Noble Truths. In
other words, it is the understanding of oneself as one really is. The
keynote of Buddhism is this Right Understanding. Buddhism, as much , is
based on knowledge and not on unreasonable belief.
2. Right Thoughts are threefold. They are:
The thoughts of renunciation which are opposed to sense-pleasures. Kind
Thoughts which are opposed to ill-will. Thoughts of harmlessness
which are opposed to cruelty. These tend to purify the mind.
3. Right Speech deals with refraining from falsehood, stealing,
slandering, harsh words and frivolous talks
4. Right Action deals with refraining from killing, stealing and
unchastity. It helps one to develop a character that is self-controlled
and mindful of right of others.
5. Right Livelihood deals with the five kinds of trades which should be
avoided by a lay disciple. They are:
(a) trade in deadly weapons(b) trade in animals for slaughter(c) trade
in slavery(d)trade in intoxicants(e)trade in poisons Right
Livelihood means earning ones living in a way that is not harmful to
others.
6. Right Effort is fourfold, namely:
(a) the endeavor to discard evil that has already arisen. (b)the
endeavor to prevent the arising of unrisen evil. (c)the endeavour
to develop that good which has already arisen. (d)the endeavour to
promote that good which has not already arisen. Effort is needed
to cultivate Good Conduct or develop one's mind, because one is often
distracted or tempted to take the
easy way out of things. The Buddha teaches that attaining happiness and
Enlightenment depends upon one's own efforts. Effort is the root of all
achievement. If one wants to get
to the top of a mountain, just sitting at the foot thinking about it
will not bring one there. It is by making the effort of climbing up the
mountain, step by step, that one eventually reaches the summit. Thus, no
matter how great the Buddha's achievement may be, or how excellent His
Teaching is, one must put the Teaching into practice before one can
expect to obtain the desired result.
7. Right Mindfulness is also fourfold:
mindfulness with regard to body mindfulness with regard to feeling
mindfulness with regard to mind mindfulness with regard to mental
objects. Right Mindfulness is the awareness of one's deeds, words
and thoughts.
8. Right Meditation
Meditation means the gradual process of training the mind to focus on a
single object and to remain fixed upon the object without wavering. The
constant practice of meditation helps
one to develop a calm and concentrated mind and help to prepare one for
the attainment of Wisdom and Enlightenment ultimately.